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LA REPRODUCTION ASEXUEE CHEZ LES VEGETAUX SUPERIEURS

ANALYSE

Quels sont les modes de reproduction par les organes spécialisés ?

Comment se reproduisent les organes ?

Qu’est-ce que drageonnage?

 

 

 

 

 

ANALYSE

La  reproduction asexuée chez les végétaux supérieurs se fait par :

  1. Les organes spécialisés
  1. Les bougeons foliaires

Ces bougeons apparaissent sur le bord du limbe d’une feuille.

Exemple le bégonia (bryophyllium)

  1. Par des propagules

Un petit groupe de cellule indifférenciés se séparent de la plante. Elles tombent puis se développent en nouvelle plante.

  1. Par des bulles

Une tige souterraine qui développe des feuilles charmes appelées écailles.

  1. Par bulbilles

Les groupes des cellules qu’on rencontre sur les ignames.

  1. Par drageonnage

Un rejeton qui naît des racines .

Par fragmentation 

Certains végétaux peuvent se multiplier à partir d’un fragment de tige placé dans le sol : mode de reproduction par fragmentation.

 

En biologie, la reproduction est un processus biologique qui permet la production de nouveaux organismes d'une espèce à partir d'individus préexistants de cette espèce. Avec la nutrition, c'est une des grandes fonctions partagées par tous les organismes vivants, assurant la continuité de l'espèce qui, sans reproduction, s'éteint.

La reproduction peut être couplée à un système de dispersion dans l'espace. Il s'agit de systèmes permettant de coloniser de nouveaux biotopes, et d'augmenter les chances de survie des espèces.

Le drageonnage est une méthode de multiplication spécifique aux plantes émettant des rejets ou drageons en périphérie de la plante mère.

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