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Quelques figures de style

Rappel

Qu’est-ce qu’un poème ?

Motivation

Comment appelle t-on le deuxième sens d'un mot ?

Annonce du sujet

Qu'allons-nous étudier aujourd'hui ?

Analyse

En quoi consistent les figures de construction ?

Synthèse 

En quoi consistent les figures de construction 

Rappel

Un poème est un texte versifié.

Motivation

C'est le sens figuré.

Aujourd'hui, nous allons étudier quelques figures de style. 

  1. Définition

Elles consistent dans le déplacement des mots dans la phrase, l’omission des mots, des mots superflus.

2. Quelques figures de construction

Parmi ces figures, nous avons : l’ellipse, l’anacoluthe, le zeugma, la syllepse, l'asyndète,l' énumération, la gradation, la répétition, le pléonasme, la polysyndète, l'inversion, le chiasme, l'allitération et l’hypallage.

  1.       L’ellipse : c’est l’omission de certains mots (les verbes surtout) dont la présence serait requise par la construction grammaticale.

Ex. : - Silence ! (faites silence, gardez silence)

         - Fais ton travail et moi le mien.

  1.       L’allitération : c’est la répétition à travers une phrase d’un vers ou des mots d’un son consonantique à l’initial.

Ex. : Ma mère me menace.

  1.       Le chiasme : c’est une sorte de croisement consistant dans la reprise de deux termes, deux idées dans l’ordre inversé pour éviter la monotonie.

Ex. : Les premiers seront les derniers et les derniers seront les premiers.

  1.      L’inversion : elle consiste à un déplacement de l’ordre syntaxique des mots. Il s’agit des éléments comme sujet.

Ex. : Hier j’étais chez vous.

  1.       La syllepse : elle consiste à faire l’accord selon le sens et non selon la grammaire.

Ex. : - La majorité venait voir le préfet.

        - Tout le monde est venu.

 

Elles consistent dans le déplacement des mots dans la phrase, l’omission des mots, des mots superflus.

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