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La constitution de type présidentiel

 Rappel

Citez et expliquez les différents types de Constitution ?

Motivation

Notre pays peut-il avoir une histoire propre de la Constitution ?

Annonce du sujet

Qu'allons nous étudier aujourd'hui ?

Analyse

Quelles sont les caractéristiques de la Constitution de type parlementaire ? Expliquez le fonctionnement de la Constitution de type présidentiel ?

Synthèse 

Citez et expliquez les différents types de constitution ?

 

Il y a deux types de Constitutions :

La Constitution de type parlementaire ;

La Constitution de type présidentiel.

Oui, notre pays a connu tant des Constitutions dans son histoire.

Aujourd'hui nous allons étudier la Constitution de type présidentiel.

Types de Constitution

1. La Constitution de types parlementaire

Trois principes caractérisent ce système :

a. La collaboration entre institutions : la séparation entre les trois pouvoirs n’est pas absolue. Le législatif et l’exécutif ont une influence, le Parlement contrôle le gouvernement. En cas de conflit entre le parlement et le gouvernement, le chef de l’Etat peut dissoudre le parlement.

b. La soumission du pouvoir au droit : le pouvoir toujours subordonné au droit.

c. Le principe de la représentation : le peuple est le propriétaire du pouvoir. Ne l’exerçant pas directement mais sinon par ses repentants (députés)

2. La Constitution de type présidentiel

Ici il y a la séparation rigide entre le pouvoir exécutif et le pouvoir législation.

Le  gouvernement n’est pas investi par le Parlement et il n’est pas responsable devant celui-ci.

a. Règles juridiques du système présidentiel

Le pouvoir législatif est confié dans sa totalité à une ou à deux chambres de l’assemblée élue.

La désignation du Président de la république ne dépend pas de l’assemblée législative il est élu au suffrage universel directement par le peuple.

Le Président le chef de l’exécutif.

b. Autonomie de l’exécutif et du législatif

Le Président  dispose d’un droit de veto.

Les chambres ont le pouvoir législatif et financier.

Le Président ne peut pas dissoudre le Parlement même si elle lui est hostile.

Ce système confère au Président un pouvoir très étendu.

Les différents types de Constitution sont : 

La Constitution de types parlementaire ;

La Constitution de type présidentiel.

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