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AVANTAGE DE LA REPRODUCTION ASEXUEE
Domaine Science Sous domaine Science de la Vie et de la Terre
Section Scientifique Option Biologie Chimie
Discipline Biologie Classe 6ème
Matériel didactique Craies de couleur Auteur SCHOOLAP.COM
Objectif opérationnel A L’ISSUE DE CETTE LEÇON L'ÉLÈVE SERA CAPABLE DE DONNER LES AVANTAGES DE LA REPRODUCTION ASEXUEE.
Réference R.SENDEKI & IFUTA "Biologie 6è année". Page 46
Activité initiale

Rappel

En quoi consiste la reproduction asexuée ?

Rappel

La reproduction asexuée consiste à la fragmentation de l’individu en deux ou plusieurs.

 

Motivation

Est-ce que la reproduction asexuée est-elle bonne ?

Motivation

 

Oui, la reproduction asexuée à des avantages.

Annonce du sujet

Aujourd’hui, nous allons étudier les avantages de la reproduction asexuée.

Annonce du sujet

Aujourd’hui, nous allons étudier les avantages de la reproduction asexuée.
Activité principale

Analyse

Quels sont les avantages de la reproduction asexuée ?

 

 

Quel est l’inconvénient de la reproduction asexuée ?

 

 

Comment se reproduisent les végétaux inférieurs ?

 

 

Qu’entendez-vous par sporulation ?

 

Comment se déroule la sporulation ?

 

 

 

 

 

 

Qu’est-ce qui arrive lorsque la spore tombe sur un milieu favorable ?

Analyse

 

 

  1. Avantages de la reproduction asexuée
  • La reproduction asexuée augmente rapidement le nombre d’individu d’une même espèce.
  • Elle conserve le caractère de l’espèce car elle ne donne plus  les individus génétiquement éclectiques entre eux et aux  parents.
  • Elle permet  d’obtenir le fruit hybride (greffage).
  1. Inconvénients de la reproduction asexuée.

 

  • Elle facilite la transmission des maladies héréditaires et de certains défauts des parents aux  nouveaux individus.
  1. La reproduction asexuée chez les végétaux inférieurs

Les végétaux inférieurs plus les algues, les bactéries, les moisissures se reproduisent par :

  1. Bipartition ou scissiparité

L’individu se divise en deux parties.

Exemple : les bactéries

Les algues bleues et flagelles

  1. Par sporulation

Il y a formation des spores (c’est un mode de résistance chez certains champignons, c’est une enveloppe qui les protège contre les intempéries.

Le sporange : à la maturité s’ouvre et libère les spores qui se dispersent par le vent sous forme de poussière invisible à l’œil nu.

Exemple : teigne fondante, trichoply, mucor macédo, levure de bière, la ptéridophyte, la bryophyte.

Lorsque ces spores tombent dans un milieu favorable ils germent et produisent des nouveaux individus.
Synthèse

Quel est l’avantage de la reproduction asexuée ?

Comment se reproduisent les végétaux inférieurs ?

 

Qu’entendez-vous par bipartition ?

Il y a augmentation rapide du nombre d’individu.

Par sporulation et par scissiparité ou bipartition.

 

 

 

L’individu se divise en deux parties et chaque partie est capable de donner naissance à la partie manquante.

 
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