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LES MATERIAUX DE L'ECORCE TERRESTRE

8ème Education de base - Géographie

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LES MATERIAUX DE L'ECORCE TERRESTRE

Domaine	Univers social et environnement	Sous domaine	Univers Social et Environnement
Section	Cycle d'Orientation (C.O)	Option	Education de base
Discipline	Géographie	Classe	8ème
Matériel didactique	Tableau noir,craies le gré, l'argile, sable	Auteur	SCHOOLAP.COM
Objectif opérationnel	Au terme de cette leçon, l'élève devra être capable de décrire l'écorce terrestre.
Réference	Initiation à la géographie par l'étude du milieu p.86
Activité initiale
Rappel Quelles sont les parties de la terre? Quelle est la couche la plus superficielle de la terre?		Rappel Les parties de la terre sont : L'écorce terrestre Le manteau Le noyau La couche la plus superficielle de la terre est l'écorce terrestre.
Motivation Qu'est-ce qui compose l'écorce terrestre? Sial et Sima sont...?		Motivation L'écorce terrestre est composée de Sial et Sima. Sial et Sima sont les matériaux de l'écorce terrestre.
Annonce du Sujet Qu'allons-nous étudier aujourd'hui?		Annonce du Sujet Aujourd'hui nous allons étudier les Matériaux de l'écorce Terrestre.
Activité principale
Quels sont les types de roches d'après leur origine? Qu'entendez-vous par les roches métamorphiques?		Les matériaux de l'écorce terrestre sont les roches et les sols. a) Les roches Définition Les roches sont des matériaux qui constituent l'écorce terrestre. Origine des roches D'après leur origine, on distingue : - Les roches sédimentaires ou de surface Exemple : Le calcaire, le grès, le pétrole brut, l'argile, etc.. En RDC on les retrouvent surtout dans la cuvette centrale. - Les roches cristallines ou roches de profondeur Exemple : Le granite, les mica, le quartz, feldespath. - Les roches métamorphiques Ce sont des roches (sédimentaires) qui ont subit des transformations dues à de fortes températures, à l'intérieur de la terre. Exemple : Le calcaire qui est une roche sédimentaire est devenu le marbre suite à l'augmentation de la température. Exemple : Le sable et la craie
Quelles sont les propriétés des roches? Qu'entendez-vous par le sol? D'où proviennent les sols?		Propriétés des roches sont: - Roches dures, tendres et meubles - Roches perméables et imperméables b) Le sol Le sol est la partie superficielle de l'écorce terrestre favorable au développement des plantes et des activités humaines. Origine Les sols proviennent : De l'accumulation des alluvions (matériaux transportés par les cours d'eau) lors des inondations De la décomposition des matières organiques ( animales ou végétales) qui forment l'humus, une terre très fertile De la décomposition des roches du sous-sol
Synthèse
Quels sont les matériaux de l'écorce terrestre? Citez quelques types des roches. Quelles sont les origines des sols?		Les matériaux de l'écorce terrestre sont les sols et les roches. Il y a les roches sédimentaires, cristallines, métamorphiques. Les sols proviennent de l'accumulation des alluvions, de la décomposition des matières organique et de la décomposition des roches du sous-sol.

Messages Timeline Exceptions Views7 Route Queries14 Models19 Gate Session Request

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